Quick Start

This page all contain some random examples that shows some aspect of the ANGSD program. We assume you will have SAMtools installed.

Many of the examples in the individual subpages are based on this test data set. The examples below are just some random examples.

Download and prepare

BAM files from 1000genomes project

First download some test data of random small BAM files which contains some regions from different chromosomes for 10 samples from the 1000genomes project. The file size is around 100megabytes.

wget http://popgen.dk/software/download/angsd/bams.tar.gz
tar xf bams.tar.gz

This has made a folder called bams/, which contains our 10 samples. Now download and install angsd you can follow the guidelines at the Installation page.

We will also index the BAM files in case we need to do random access, for this we will use SAMtools.

for i in bams/*.bam;do samtools index $i;done

We make a file containing a list of the locations of the 10 bamfiles

ls bams/*.bam > bam.filelist

Ancestral fasta file for hg19

If you want to run the SFS examples on the wiki you should also download the ancestral states for the hg19 assembly of the human genome.

wget http://popgen.dk/software/download/angsd/hg19ancNoChr.fa
mv hg19ancNoChr.fa chimpHg19.fa
samtools faidx chimpHg19.fa

NB some have complained that the popgen.dk server is unstable, and we are therefore also hosting the big .fa file here: http://dna.ku.dk/~thorfinn/hg19ancNoChr.fa.gz

Examples

Calculate Allele frequencies

Assuming you have a list of bamfiles in in file: 'bam.filelist' and you want the MAF using all reads and inferring the major and minor from the GL, we will use SAMtools genotype likelihoods, and will allow for 5 threads: See details on Allele Frequencies, Major Minor and Genotype Likelihoods.

./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5

	Command:
./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5
	-> angsd version: 0.574	 build(Jan 10 2014 17:44:41)
	-> No '-out' argument given, output files will be called 'angsdput'
	-> Parsing 10 number of samples 
	-> Printing at chr: 20 pos:14095816 chunknumber 3500
	-> Done reading data waiting for calculations to finish
	-> Calling destroy
	-> Done waiting for threads
	-> Output filenames:
		->"angsdput.arg"
		->"angsdput.mafs.gz"
	-> Fri Jan 10 17:46:15 2014
	-> Arguments and parameters for all analysis are located in .arg file
	[ALL done] cpu-time used =  130.67 sec
	[ALL done] walltime used =  55.00 sec

The output is then located on angsdput.mafs.gz. We could have specified an different output file name with -out. Lets remove those reads that has a mapping quality below 30, and only use the bases with a score above 19. And to simply output we only print those sites with an allele frequency above 0.05.

./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5 -minMapQ 30 -minQ 20 -minMaf 0.05

Command:
./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5 -minMapQ 30 -minQ 20 -minMaf 0.05 
	-> angsd version: 0.574	 build(Jan 10 2014 17:44:41)
	-> No '-out' argument given, output files will be called 'angsdput'
	-> Parsing 10 number of samples 
	-> Printing at chr: 20 pos:14085533 chunknumber 2800
	-> Done reading data waiting for calculations to finish
	-> Calling destroy
	-> Done waiting for threads
	-> Output filenames:
		->"angsdput.arg"
		->"angsdput.mafs.gz"
	-> Fri Jan 10 17:57:55 2014
	-> Arguments and parameters for all analysis are located in .arg file
	[ALL done] cpu-time used =  123.48 sec
	[ALL done] walltime used =  51.00 sec

And lets look at the output:

gunzip -c angsdput.mafs.gz |head

chromo	position	major	minor	unknownEM	nInd
1	14000023	C	A	0.076211	4
1	14000176	G	A	0.117885	6
1	14000202	G	A	0.052565	6
1	14000873	G	A	0.295131	9
1	14001018	T	C	0.269244	9
1	14001202	G	T	0.065666	8
1	14001501	G	A	0.062746	10
1	14001867	A	G	0.272099	10
1	14002093	T	C	0.058891	10

We have 10 samples, lets only look at the sites where we have information from at least 8 individuals.

./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5 -minMapQ 30 -minQ 20 -minMaf 0.05 -minInd 8

Command:
./angsd -b bam.filelist -GL 1 -doMajorMinor 1 -doMaf 2 -P 5 -minMapQ 30 -minQ 20 -minMaf 0.05 -minInd 8
	-> angsd version: 0.574	 build(Jan 10 2014 17:44:41)
	-> No '-out' argument given, output files will be called 'angsdput'
	-> Parsing 10 number of samples 
	-> Printing at chr: 20 pos:14085533 chunknumber 2800
	-> Done reading data waiting for calculations to finish
	-> Calling destroy
	-> Done waiting for threads
	-> Output filenames:
		->"angsdput.arg"
		->"angsdput.mafs.gz"
	-> Fri Jan 10 18:11:09 2014
	-> Arguments and parameters for all analysis are located in .arg file
	[ALL done] cpu-time used =  36.64 sec
	[ALL done] walltime used =  30.00 sec

And look at the output:

gunzip -c angsdput.mafs.gz |head

chromo	position	major	minor	unknownEM	nInd
1	14000873	G	A	0.295131	9
1	14001018	T	C	0.269244	9
1	14001202	G	T	0.065666	8
1	14001501	G	A	0.062746	10
1	14001867	A	G	0.272099	10
1	14002093	T	C	0.058891	10
1	14002342	C	T	0.078385	9
1	14002422	A	T	0.434411	9
1	14002474	T	C	0.072898	8

Generate Beagle Likelihood files

For diploid samples we have 10 possible genotypes. but we would only expect to observe two different alleles at most sites. We can infer the major and minor allele and output the 3 possible genotypes in beagle genotype likelihood format. Furthermore we are only interested in variable sites, so let us use the LRT statistic for filtering out the sites that are very likely to be polymorphic with a p-value less than 10^-6. We need to allele frequency in order to test if a site is polymorphic. The default behaviour for -doMaf is to output a file, but we are not interested in frequency estimates so we can disable the MAF output by making it negative.

./angsd -GL 2 -doGlf 2 -b bam.filelist -doMajorMinor 1 -SNP_pval 1e-6 -doMaf -1

Command:
./angsd -GL 2 -doGlf 2 -b bam.filelist -doMajorMinor 1 -SNP_pval 1e-6 -doMaf -1 
	-> angsd version: 0.574	 build(Jan 10 2014 17:44:41)
	-> No '-out' argument given, output files will be called 'angsdput'
	-> Parsing 10 number of samples 
	-> Printing at chr: 20 pos:14095816 chunknumber 3500
	-> Done reading data waiting for calculations to finish
	-> Calling destroy
	-> Done waiting for threads
	-> Output filenames:
		->"angsdput.arg"
		->"angsdput.beagle.gz"
	-> Fri Jan 10 18:26:56 2014
	-> Arguments and parameters for all analysis are located in .arg file
	[ALL done] cpu-time used =  27.24 sec
	[ALL done] walltime used =  27.00 sec

Let us look at the generated output file: angsdput.beagle.gz. We only look at the data for the first 2 individuals.

gunzip -c angsdput.beagle.gz | less -S

marker allele1 allele2 Ind0 Ind0 Ind0 Ind1 Ind1 Ind1
1_14000202 2 0 0.000532 0.999468 0.000000 0.333333 0.333333 0.333333
1_14000873 2 0 0.000000 0.030324 0.969676 0.663107 0.333333 0.003560
1_14001018 3 1 0.000000 0.015429 0.984571 0.799823 0.200177 0.000000
1_14001867 0 2 0.000056 0.333333 0.666611 0.888793 0.111207 0.000000
1_14002342 1 3 0.941072 0.058928 0.000000 0.888806 0.111194 0.000000
1_14002422 0 3 0.000000 0.111147 0.888853 0.799777 0.200223 0.000000
1_14002474 3 1 0.969662 0.030338 0.000000 0.799810 0.200190 0.000000
1_14003581 1 3 0.000000 0.200027 0.799973 0.984577 0.015423 0.000000
1_14004623 3 1 0.000000 0.200035 0.799965 0.984501 0.015499 0.000000

Notice that the 'marker' contains the genomic position, encoded by using underscore as separator.

Finding the SFS

There is a full example of estimating the site frequency spectrum SFS_Estimation#Example. We even have an example of estimating the folded spectrum SFS_Estimation#Folded_spectra

Estimating thetas, neutrality test statistics

We also have working example for performing theta estimation. http://www.popgen.dk/angsd/index.php/Tajima#Example